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Endoplasmic reticulum as a therapeutic target in type 2 diabetes: Role of phytochemicals

Soraya Sajadimajd1, Niloofar Deravi2, Kimia Forouhar3

  • 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

International Immunopharmacology
|December 10, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Medicinal plants offer promising alternatives for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Phytochemicals alleviate endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a key factor in T2DM progression and complications.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global health issue marked by insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction.
  • Chronic glucotoxicity induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to beta-cell failure and disease progression.
  • Existing antidiabetic drugs have limited long-term efficacy, necessitating alternative therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the role of phytochemicals in alleviating ER stress in T2DM.
  • To explore the potential of herbal constituents as therapeutic agents for T2DM and its complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating phytochemicals and their effects on ER stress in T2DM.
  • Analysis of data on specific phytochemicals and their impact on T2DM-related pathways.
  • Compilation of evidence for the efficacy of herbal compounds in managing T2DM complications.

Main Results:

  • Ginsenoside compound K, baicalein, quercetin, and others improve T2DM by modulating ER stress.
  • Arctigenin and peony glycosides show efficacy in diabetic retinopathy via ER stress modulation.
  • Grape seed proanthocyanidins, wolfberry, and resveratrol demonstrate benefits for diabetic neuropathy, retinopathy, and atherosclerosis by targeting ER stress.

Conclusions:

  • Herbal constituents possess the capability to prevent T2DM complications by reducing ER stress.
  • Phytochemicals targeting ER stress represent a promising avenue for novel diabetes treatments.
Keywords:
DiabetesEndoplasmic reticulumPhytochemicalStress

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