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Factor analysis of the stigma scale-child in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Kaitlyn L Gamwell1, Caroline M Roberts2, Jacob D Kraft3
1University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Greenville, SC, United States of America; Prisma Health Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Pain Medicine, Greenville, SC, United States of America.
Insights
Illness stigma is common in youth with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The adapted Stigma Scale - Child (SS-C) is a valid and reliable tool for measuring stigma in this population.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric gastroenterology
- Psychological assessment
- Chronic illness management
Background:
- Illness stigma is prevalent in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
- Existing stigma measures lack psychometric validation in pediatric IBD populations.
- A modified Child Stigma Scale was adapted for youth with IBD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the factor structure and validity of the adapted Stigma Scale - Child (SS-C) in youth with IBD.
- To establish the psychometric properties of the SS-C for measuring illness stigma in pediatric IBD.
- To provide a validated tool for assessing stigma in this vulnerable population.
Main Methods:
- Adapted the Child Stigma Scale for use in youth with IBD.
- Conducted factor analyses on data from 180 youth with IBD to determine the SS-C's factor structure.
- Assessed convergent validity through correlations and predictive validity via regression analysis of depressive symptoms.
Main Results:
- The most parsimonious factor structure for the SS-C was a one-factor solution.
- The SS-C demonstrated strong convergent validity with psychosocial factors like belongingness, uncertainty, and intrusiveness.
- The SS-C showed strong predictive validity for child depressive symptoms.
Conclusions:
- The Stigma Scale - Child (SS-C) is a psychometrically sound measure for illness stigma in pediatric IBD.
- The SS-C exhibits strong convergent and predictive validity.
- The SS-C is suitable for use as a brief screener in clinical and research settings for youth with IBD.
Objective:
Illness stigma, or perceived stigma related to a chronic health condition, is pervasive among youth with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, no studies exist examining the psychometric properties of illness stigma measures in this population. Using a modified version of the Child Stigma Scale originally developed for youth with epilepsy, the current study investigated the factor structure and validity of this adapted measure (i.e., Stigma Scale - Child; SS-C) in youth with IBD.
Methods:
Factor analyses were conducted to determine the most parsimonious factor structure for the adapted 8-item Stigma Scale - Child in a sample of 180 youth with IBD. Correlations were conducted to assess convergent validity, and a multiple regression was conducted to further evaluate the measure's predictive validity of child depressive symptoms.
Results:
The most parsimonious model for the SS-C is a one-factor solution with an error covariance between the two items assessing concealment/disclosure of IBD diagnosis.
Conclusions:
The SS-C is a psychometrically sound illness stigma measure in pediatric IBD that demonstrates strong convergent validity with psychosocial adjustment factors such as thwarted belongingness, illness uncertainty, and illness intrusiveness, as well as strong predictive validity with youth depressive symptoms. The SS-C is a viable option for use as a brief screener in youth with IBD across clinical and research settings.
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