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Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

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Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
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Structure of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
Carboxylic acid derivatives contain an acyl group attached to a heteroatom such as chlorine, oxygen, or nitrogen. The carbonyl carbon and oxygen are both sp2-hybridized with an unhybridized p orbital.
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Diels–Alder reactions between cyclic dienes locked in an s-cis configuration and dienophiles yield bridged bicyclic products.
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The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
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Cyclic ethers are heterocyclic compounds with an oxygen atom in the ring along with carbon atoms. They are named depending on the number of carbon atoms present in their ring system. Cyclic ethers with a three-membered ring system are called “oxirane”, four-membered ring systems as “oxetane”, five-membered ring systems as “oxolane”, and six-membered ring systems as “oxane”. The cyclic structure of these rings imposes angle strain, and this strain...
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Introduction
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Structurally diverse isobutylamides from Zanthoxylum nitidum.

Feng Qin1, Chun-Gu Wang2, Mei-Shan Li1

  • 1State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People's Republic of China.

Fitoterapia
|December 10, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New alkamides from Zanthoxylum nitidum were identified and tested for anticancer properties. Compounds 2, 3, and 10 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects against five human cancer cell lines.

Keywords:
Antiproliferative activityIsobutylamidesZanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC.Zanthoxylumamides

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Area of Science:

  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Pharmacognosy

Background:

  • Zanthoxylum nitidum is a plant source of bioactive compounds.
  • Alkamides are a class of natural products with diverse biological activities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize new alkamides from Zanthoxylum nitidum.
  • To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of these compounds against human cancer cell lines.

Main Methods:

  • Extraction and purification of compounds using 95% EtOH.
  • Structure elucidation via NMR, HR-ESI-MS, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD).
  • Enantiomeric separation using chiral-phase HPLC-ECD.

Main Results:

  • Five new racemic alkamides and two new achiral derivatives were identified, along with five known alkamides.
  • Compounds 2, 3, and 10 exhibited inhibitory effects against five human cancer cell lines.
  • The IC50 values ranged from 18.51 to 48.03 μM.

Conclusions:

  • Zanthoxylum nitidum is a rich source of structurally diverse alkamides.
  • Compounds 2, 3, and 10 show potential as anticancer agents.
  • Further investigation into the mechanism of action is warranted.