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First Report on Ovine Paratuberculosis in the Sudan: Diagnosis Using Different Techniques
Sanaa M Idris1,2, Eva A Ali1, Wisal A Elmagzoub1,3
1Department of Animal Health and Safety of Animal Products, Institute for Studies and Promotion of Animal Exports, University of Khartoum, Shambat 13314, Khartoum North, Sudan.
Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI
|December 11, 2022
Summary
This study reports the first evidence of paratuberculosis (PTB) in sheep in Sudan. Diagnostic tests confirmed Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in a Khartoum flock, highlighting the need for control programs.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Animal Health
- Disease Epidemiology
Background:
- Paratuberculosis (PTB) is endemic in Sudanese cattle and goats but historically absent in sheep.
- Suspected PTB cases in a sheep flock in Khartoum North, Sudan, presented with unexplained weight loss.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate suspected paratuberculosis (PTB) in a Sudanese sheep flock.
- To confirm the presence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in ovine populations.
Main Methods:
- Collected blood and fecal samples from 59 sheep.
- Utilized ELISA for MAP antibodies, Ziehl-Neelsen staining, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) for MAP DNA, and MAP culture.
- Confirmed isolates using real-time PCR and sequencing.
Main Results:
- Acid-fast bacilli suggestive of MAP were found in 10.2% of fecal smears.
- MAP DNA was detected in 37.5% of tested fecal samples.
- MAP cultures confirmed infection in 2 sheep, with 5.1% seropositivity.
Conclusions:
- This is the first documented report of ovine PTB in Sudan.
- The findings necessitate further investigation and control strategies for this economically important livestock species.
