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SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment-Mechanisms of Action and Emerging New Perspectives

Mieczysław Dutka1, Rafał Bobiński1, Tomasz Francuz2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, 43-309 Bielsko-Biała, Poland.

Cancers
|December 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, used for diabetes, show anticancer effects by blocking glucose uptake in cancer cells. Further research is needed to clarify their mechanisms and clinical oncology applications.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are antidiabetic drugs with demonstrated anticancer properties.
  • Cancer cells exhibit metabolic reprogramming, making glucose uptake inhibition an attractive therapeutic strategy.
  • SGLT-2 expression is confirmed in various cancer cell lines, and these transporters are also present in kidney proximal tubules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of the potential anticancer mechanisms of SGLT-2 inhibitors.
  • To explore the future clinical applications of SGLT-2 inhibitors in oncology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro cell culture studies.
  • Analysis of preclinical in vivo studies.
  • Examination of clinical trial data regarding SGLT-2 inhibitor safety and tolerability.

Main Results:

  • SGLT-2 inhibitors exhibit antiproliferative effects on certain cancer types.
  • The precise mechanisms underlying the anticancer action of SGLT-2 inhibitors are not fully elucidated.
  • Anticancer effects can occur independently of SGLT-2 presence in some tumor cells.

Conclusions:

  • SGLT-2 inhibitors represent a promising therapeutic avenue in oncology, potentially targeting cancer cell metabolism.
  • Further investigation into SGLT-2-dependent and -independent mechanisms is crucial for optimizing their clinical use.
  • The established safety profile of SGLT-2 inhibitors in diabetic and heart failure patients supports their exploration in cancer treatment.
Keywords:
SGLT-2 inhibitorsanti-cancer therapycanagliflozindapagliflozinempagliflozin

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