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Relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index and Cardiovascular Health among Children

Ana Isabel Mora-Urda1, Francisco Javier Martín-Almena2, María Del Pilar Montero López3

  • 1Departamento de Didácticas Específicas, Facultad de Formación del Profesorado, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|December 11, 2022
PubMed

Insights

A pro-inflammatory diet is linked to poor cardiovascular health in children, increasing risks for hypertension and obesity. This dietary pattern is also associated with lower socioeconomic status and reduced diet quality.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Cardiovascular Health
  • Dietary Assessment

Background:

  • Cardiovascular health in children is a growing concern.
  • Dietary patterns significantly influence child health outcomes.
  • The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) is a tool to assess diet's inflammatory potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) and cardiovascular health indicators in children.
  • To explore the relationship between diet quality and cardiometabolic risk factors in a pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 365 schoolchildren aged 8-12 years in Madrid.
  • Dietary intake assessed via three 24-hour recalls to calculate DII® and KIDMED index.
  • Anthropometric, hemodynamic measurements, and socioeconomic data collected.

Main Results:

  • Children with a pro-inflammatory diet (higher DII®) showed increased risk of hypertension (OR=2.085) and obesity (OR=2.3).
  • Higher DII® scores correlated with increased Body Fat Percentage (BFM%) and Body Mass Index (BMI).
  • Pro-inflammatory diets were linked to lower parental education levels and poorer overall diet quality.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated DII® scores in children are associated with adverse nutritional status and poorer cardiovascular health.
  • A pro-inflammatory diet in childhood is linked to socioeconomic factors and lower diet quality.
  • Findings highlight the importance of dietary patterns for pediatric cardiovascular health.
Abstract

Keywords:
24 h recall surveysKIDMEDblood pressurebody fat masscardiovascular healthchildrendietary inflammatory indexlifestyles

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