Analysis of Dust Emission Characteristics of Peanut Whole-Feed Harvesting Based on Total Amount Collection Method

In view of the lack of a total amount collection method of dust emitted from a peanut whole-feed harvester and the unknown characteristic parameters of dust emission, a total amount dust collection method based on the combined action of centrifugation and filtration was proposed. The structural parameters of a total amount dust collection device were designed through theoretical analysis. On this basis, the production of a total amount dust collection device and a total amount dust collection test of the peanut whole-feed harvester were completed. The test showed that the total amount dust collection device could meet the needs of dust emission characteristics research. After analyzing the collected dust, it was found that the emitted particles were a mixture of soil particles and fiber particles. When the engine speed of the harvester was increased from 1600 rpm to 2400 rpm, the total emission rate increased from 3.36% to 4.28%, and the particulate emission rate increased from 1.44% to 2.63%; it also caused 4.29~4.98% of seedling blowing loss. The emission proportion of soil particles was reduced from 58.93% to 44.25%, and the emission proportion of fiber particles was increased from 41.07% to 55.75%. Among the emitted particles, the particle size peak of soil particles was concentrated at 22.9~30.2 μm; the particle size peak of fiber particles was concentrated at 478.6~631.0 μm. The research method and results can provide a reference for the optimization of dust reduction and emission reduction of peanut whole-feed harvesters and similar crop harvesters.