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Evacuation in Buildings Based on BIM: Taking a Fire in a University Library as an Example
Haotian Zheng1, Shuchuan Zhang1, Junqi Zhu2
1School of Safety Science and Engineering, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232000, China.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
|December 11, 2022
Summary
University library fire safety is critical. This study used BIM and simulation software to analyze evacuation, improving efficiency by 13.67% through optimized routes and facility enhancements.
Area of Science:
- Fire safety engineering
- Building Information Modeling (BIM)
- Public space safety
Background:
- University libraries present significant fire evacuation challenges due to high occupancy, dense materials, and constant foot traffic.
- Assessing and improving evacuation strategies in such environments is crucial for public safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate and enhance fire evacuation strategies in a university library setting.
- To quantify the impact of optimized evacuation routes on safety and efficiency.
Main Methods:
- Building Information Modeling (BIM) created using Revit software at a 1:1 scale.
- Evacuation pathway analysis utilizing Pathfinder software to identify high-traffic routes.
- Fire and smoke simulation using Pyrosim to assess environmental conditions (smoke, visibility, CO, temperature) at exits.
Main Results:
- Identified key evacuation exits (1#, 7#, 13#, 19#, 23#) with the highest utilization rates.
- Reduced safe evacuation time from 739.275s to 638.025s post-route optimization, a 13.67% increase in efficiency.
- Demonstrated significant improvements through simulated interventions like enhanced signage and wider staircases.
Conclusions:
- Optimized route planning and facility modifications substantially improve university library evacuation efficiency.
- Findings offer valuable insights for enhancing safety measures and facility design in public spaces facing fire risks.
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