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miRNA Pathway Alteration in Response to Non-Coding RNA Delivery in Viral Vector-Based Gene Therapy
Darya A Savenkova1, Aelita-Luiza A Makarova1, Igor K Shalik1
1State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector," Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being (FBRI SRC VB "Vector", Rospotrebnadzor), Koltsovo 630559, Russia.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 11, 2022
Summary
Gene therapy uses viral vectors to deliver genetic material but can cause immune responses and cytotoxicity. This review examines how viral vectors and non-coding RNA delivery impact miRNA pathways, crucial for gene regulation.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Molecular Biology
- Gene Therapy
Background:
- Gene therapy, often using viral vectors, is a common treatment for incurable disorders.
- Viral vectors offer efficient cellular entry and genetic material delivery.
- However, viral vectors can trigger immune responses and cytotoxicity, potentially disrupting cellular metabolism and microRNA (miRNA) pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the impact of viral vector entry on miRNA signaling pathways.
- To evaluate the effects of non-coding RNA delivery via viral vectors on miRNA pathways.
- To highlight safety considerations in viral gene therapy related to miRNA pathway disruption.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on viral vectors in gene therapy.
- Analysis of research on non-coding RNA delivery mechanisms.
- Examination of the interplay between viral components, non-coding RNAs, and cellular miRNA pathways.
Main Results:
- Viral vector components can directly or indirectly affect miRNA biogenesis and function.
- Delivered non-coding RNAs may interfere with endogenous miRNA targets and pathways.
- Disturbances in miRNA pathways can lead to unintended cellular consequences and toxicity.
Conclusions:
- Viral gene therapy necessitates careful evaluation of potential miRNA pathway disruptions.
- Understanding these interactions is crucial for improving the safety and efficacy of gene therapy.
- Further research is needed to mitigate adverse effects associated with viral vectors and non-coding RNA delivery.
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