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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 18, 2025

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The Molecular Gut-Brain Axis in Early Brain Development.

Fahim Muhammad1,2, Bufang Fan2,3, Ruoxi Wang2,3

  • 1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction, Shenzhen Neher Neural Plasticity Laboratory, The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

The gut-brain axis (GBA) involves gut microbes influencing brain development. Modulating gut microbiota offers therapeutic potential for neurodevelopmental disorders.

Keywords:
epigeneticsgut-brain axismoleculesneurodevelopmentvagus nerve

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Microbiology
  • Developmental Biology

Background:

  • The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a complex bidirectional communication system linking the gut and brain via nerves, hormones, and immune factors.
  • Gut microbiota and their metabolites play a critical role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and influencing brain activity.
  • Dynamic changes in gut microbiota composition and function are observed during brain development and are implicated in neurodevelopmental and immune disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the role of the GBA in early brain development.
  • To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms of GBA in neurodevelopment.
  • To discuss the potential of targeting the GBA for therapeutic interventions in neurodevelopmental diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on the gut-brain axis and early brain development.
  • Analysis of molecular mechanisms underlying GBA signaling.
  • Examination of mother-to-infant gut microbiota transfer and its implications.

Main Results:

  • Gut microbiota significantly influence neurophysiological development and immune regulation.
  • Microbial metabolites are key mediators in the GBA, impacting intestinal homeostasis and brain function.
  • Posttranscriptional modifications and signaling pathways are crucial in GBA-mediated brain functions.

Conclusions:

  • The GBA is integral to early brain development, with microbial metabolites playing a key regulatory role.
  • Targeting molecular aspects of the GBA presents a promising avenue for novel therapeutic strategies for neurodevelopmental disorders.
  • Understanding the bidirectional communication and maternal transfer of gut microbiota is essential for optimizing infant brain development.