Hydration Behavior of Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement: Experimental Study and Thermodynamic Modeling

The microstructure and performance of magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC), a kind of magnesium phosphate cement (MPC), are determined by the hydration products. In this paper, the hydration behavior of MKPC is investigated through various material characterization methods and thermodynamic modeling, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimeter (TG/DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and GEMS software. The results of XRD, TG/DSC and SEM all indicate that K-struvite (MgKPO₄·6H₂O) is the main hydration product of MKPC. When the curing age is 1 day and 28 days, the TG data indicate that the mass loss of MKPC in the range of 60-200 °C is 17.76% and 17.82%, respectively. The MIP results show that the porosity of MKPC is 29.63% and 29.61% at the curing age of 1 day and 28 days, respectively, which indicates that the structure of MKPC becomes denser with the increase in curing age. In addition, the cumulative pore volume of MKPC at the curing age of 28 days is 2.8% lower than that at 1 day, and the pore diameters are shifted toward the small pores. Furthermore, the thermodynamic modeling is well suited to make an analysis of the hydration behavior of MKPC.