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Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...

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Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Author Spotlight: Standardization and Best Practices for Advancing Lung Imaging Using 129Xe MRI

Author Spotlight: Standardization and Best Practices for Advancing Lung Imaging Using ¹²⁹Xe MRI

Published on: November 21, 2023

Preclinical MRI Using Hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe.

Stephen Kadlecek¹, Yonni Friedlander², Rohan S Virgincar³

¹Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

|December 11, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Hyperpolarized 129Xe imaging visualizes gas transport and diffusion in the lungs. This technique aids in understanding lung function and developing new therapies for lung diseases in preclinical models.

Keywords:

129Xe HXe hyperpolarized preclinical pulmonary xenon

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Hyperpolarized Xenon for NMR and MRI Applications

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Published on: September 6, 2012

Area of Science:

Pulmonary Medicine
Medical Imaging
Biophysics

Background:

Assessing lung function in disease models is difficult due to challenges in visualizing gas transport and diffusion.
Novel therapies require a better understanding of lung mechanics and gas exchange dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the application of hyperpolarized 129Xe imaging for in vivo visualization of lung gas dynamics.
To highlight methods for observing gas replacement, diffusion, dissolution, and uptake in the lung.

Main Methods:

Utilizing hyperpolarized 129Xe gas for enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy.
Analyzing spectral signatures to track gas movement within airspaces, tissues, and vasculature.
Developing practical imaging and spectroscopy techniques for preclinical lung models.

Main Results:

Demonstrated ability to follow gas dynamics during the breathing cycle and diffusion through lung airspaces.
Characterized spectral signatures indicating gas dissolution, uptake by hemoglobin, and re-entry into the gas phase.
Quantified gas transport metrics in magnetically inhomogeneous preclinical lung models.

Conclusions:

Hyperpolarized 129Xe imaging offers a powerful non-invasive tool for studying lung function in vivo.
This technique provides critical insights into gas exchange relevant for developing novel pulmonary therapies.
Advanced imaging and spectroscopy methods enable robust quantification despite lung complexities.