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Related Concept Videos

Measurements of Strain01:27

Measurements of Strain

1.9K
Strain quantifies the deformation of a material under force, typically measured as normal strain, which represents the change in length when compared with the original length. Electrical strain gauges are used for enhanced accuracy. These devices consist of a conductive wire mounted on a paper backing that adheres to the material's surface. These gauges operate on the piezoresistive effect, where the wire's electrical resistance changes in response to mechanical deformation. The strain...
1.9K
Strain and Elastic Modulus01:15

Strain and Elastic Modulus

4.0K
The quantity that describes the deformation of a body under stress is known as strain. Strain is given as a fractional change in either length, volume, or geometry under tensile, volume (also known as bulk), or shear stress, respectively, and is a dimensionless quantity. The strain experienced by a body under tensile or compressive stress is called tensile or compressive strain, respectively. In contrast, the strain experienced under bulk stress and shear stress is known as volume and shear...
4.0K
Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge01:15

Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge

477
The utilization of strain gauges as transducers for converting mechanical strain into electrical signals is a common practice in various engineering applications. These strain gauges are frequently integrated into Wheatstone bridge circuits to accurately measure parameters such as force or pressure. Within this context, each element within the circuit exhibits a resistance that undergoes subtle variations when subjected to mechanical strain. The primary objective is to convert minuscule...
477
Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

257
As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
257

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Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Strain Sensing Based on Multiscale Composite Materials Reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelets
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Fiber Optic Sensing Textile for Strain Monitoring in Composite Substrates.

Andres Biondi1, Rui Wu1, Lidan Cao1

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 11, 2022
PubMed
Summary

A novel distributed fiber optic smart textile (DFOST) enables continuous structural monitoring in composite materials. This embedded system accurately measures strain, enhancing the durability and performance of aerospace, automotive, and construction components.

Keywords:
compositesdistributed fiber opticsoptical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR)smart structuressmart textilestructural health monitoring

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Structural Health Monitoring
  • Fiber Optics

Background:

  • Composite polymers are integral to aerospace, automotive, and construction.
  • Continuous monitoring is crucial for optimizing composite performance and durability.
  • Existing monitoring methods can be invasive or limited in scope.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel Distributed Fiber Optic Smart Textile (DFOST) for embedded structural health monitoring.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility of integrating DFOST into composite panels during fabrication.
  • To evaluate the DFOST system's capability for precise strain measurement.

Main Methods:

  • DFOST was fabricated using an embroidery method for easy integration between composite laminates.
  • The DFOST system was embedded into composite panels during the fabrication process.
  • Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) was used to interrogate the DFOST system for strain measurements.

Main Results:

  • The DFOST system successfully measured strain variations during both dynamic and static tests.
  • Achieved a high spatial resolution of 2 mm for strain measurement.
  • Demonstrated a minimum strain resolution of 10 μϵ, indicating high sensitivity.

Conclusions:

  • The developed DFOST offers a non-damaging, integrated solution for continuous structural health monitoring in composites.
  • The embroidery fabrication method allows for versatile 2D and 3D measurement layouts.
  • DFOST provides critical data for structural assessment, improving safety and longevity of composite structures.