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Related Concept Videos

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
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Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.4K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.4K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.1K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.1K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K
Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers01:08

Molecular Weight of Step-Growth Polymers

2.3K
Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
As the step-growth polymerization involves step-wise condensation of monomers, the molecular weight also builds up eventually. Consequently, high molecular weight polymers are obtained at the late stages of the polymerization, where 99% of monomers have been consumed.
The extent of the...
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Synthesis of Monodisperse Cylindrical Nanoparticles via Crystallization-driven Self-assembly of Biodegradable Block Copolymers
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Competitive Registration Fields for The Development of Complex Block Copolymer Structures by A Layer-by-Layer

Nils Demazy1, Pablo G Argudo1, Guillaume Fleury1

  • 1Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, Pessac, F-33600, France.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|December 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a layer-by-layer method to create novel nano-mesh arrays using block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly. This technique precisely controls the chemical interface between BCP layers for advanced nanomanufacturing.

Keywords:
block copolymersmultilayered structuresthin film self-assembly

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Anionic Polymerization of an Amphiphilic Copolymer for Preparation of Block Copolymer Micelles Stabilized by π-π Stacking Interactions
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Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization
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Using Polystyrene-block-polyacrylic acid-coated Metal Nanoparticles as Monomers for Their Homo- and Co-polymerization
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Nanotechnology
  • Polymer Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Block copolymer (BCP) self-assembly in thin films enables nanometric feature fabrication with applications in lithography and optics.
  • Existing BCP self-assembly methods are limited by inherent morphologies, restricting the range of achievable nanostructures.
  • Layering of nanostructured BCP films offers a route to novel heterostructures, expanding nanomanufacturing capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To exploit the layer-by-layer method for generating nano-mesh arrays using nanostructured BCP thin films.
  • To establish design rules for controlled registration of successive BCP layers.
  • To demonstrate precise tuning of the interfacial chemical field for layer alignment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a layer-by-layer deposition technique for nanostructured BCP thin films.
  • Employed a combination of chemical and topographical fields to guide self-assembly.
  • Precisely controlled the interfacial chemical field between BCP layers to achieve registration.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated nano-mesh arrays through controlled layering of BCP thin films.
  • Demonstrated the ability to align a new BCP layer precisely on top of an immobilized layer.
  • Identified key design rules for interfacial engineering in multi-layered BCP systems.

Conclusions:

  • The layer-by-layer method, combined with interfacial chemical control, is effective for creating complex nano-mesh structures.
  • This approach significantly expands the accessible nanostructure library beyond native BCP morphologies.
  • The findings provide a foundation for advanced nanomanufacturing of hierarchical structures with tailored designs.