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Related Experiment Video

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Amphotericin B induced pancytopenia.

Esha Vaish1, Kamlesh K Gupta1, Shahnawaz A Ansari1

  • 1Medical Student, Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
|December 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A rare case of pancytopenia, a severe drop in blood cell counts, occurred shortly after a single dose of Liposomal Amphotericin B (L-AMB) in a patient with visceral leishmaniasis. This highlights the need for physician awareness of this Amphotericin B (AMB) side effect.

Keywords:
Adverse drug reactionamphotericin Bpancytopeniavisceral leishmaniasis

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Hematology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Amphotericin B (AMB) is a critical antifungal and antiprotozoal agent.
  • Pancytopenia is a rare, typically late-onset adverse effect of AMB, often linked to prolonged treatment.
  • Visceral leishmaniasis is a serious parasitic infection requiring effective treatment.

Observation:

  • A patient with visceral leishmaniasis developed severe pancytopenia.
  • The pancytopenia emerged rapidly, within 4-5 days of a single L-AMB dose.
  • Clinical diagnosis was established based on observed symptoms and laboratory findings.

Findings:

  • This case demonstrates acute pancytopenia following a single L-AMB administration, challenging the notion that it only occurs with prolonged exposure.
  • Supportive care and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were instrumental in managing the patient's condition.
  • The condition appears self-limiting in most cases, but GM-CSF may be required for refractory presentations.

Implications:

  • Highlights the importance of physician awareness regarding rare AMB-induced pancytopenia, even after single-dose L-AMB.
  • Suggests that certain patient conditions may predispose individuals to acute presentations of this adverse effect.
  • Emphasizes the need for vigilant monitoring and prompt management strategies for AMB-related hematological toxicity.