Multi-organ system involvement in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A mega review

Area of Science:

• Medicine
• Virology
• Public Health

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted significant morbidity and mortality, with severity influenced by comorbidities and immune status.
• Multi-organ involvement is a recognized complication of COVID-19 infection, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of its impact.
• Existing literature often focuses on single organ systems, creating a need for consolidated information.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and synthesize existing literature on the involvement of seven major organ systems in COVID-19.
• To provide an organized overview of conclusions and management strategies for COVID-19-related organ injuries.
• To identify research gaps for future investigations into COVID-19's multi-systemic effects.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was conducted for review papers and articles.
• Data were collected on COVID-19's impact across seven distinct organ systems.
• Information was compiled and organized into review tables for each organ system.

Main Results:

• COVID-19 affects multiple organ systems, with varying degrees of severity and clinical manifestations.
• Specific findings and management recommendations for each of the seven reviewed organ systems were identified.
• The review highlights the systemic nature of COVID-19 pathology.

Conclusions:

• COVID-19's impact extends beyond the respiratory system, affecting multiple organs and requiring integrated clinical attention.
• Consolidated information on organ-specific COVID-19 involvements can improve patient management and preventative strategies.
• This review identifies critical areas for future research to address the multi-systemic sequelae of COVID-19.