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Imparting Fire Retardancy and Smoke Suppression to Leather during Tanning Processes
Guadalupe Sanchez Olivares1, Alexander Battig2, Sebastian M Goller2
1CIATEC A.C., Omega 201, Colonia Industrial Delta, Léon, Gto37545, Mexico.
ACS Omega
|December 12, 2022
Summary
Flame retardants added during leather tanning significantly improve safety by reducing heat release and smoke. This innovative method enhances material safety while lowering costs and processing steps.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
- Textile Chemistry
Background:
- Leather's luxury status in upholstery necessitates safety improvements like flame retardancy.
- Current flame retardant treatments for leather are often costly and labor-intensive finishing processes.
- Integrating flame retardants during the tanning process offers a potentially more efficient alternative.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the flame-retardant efficacy of intumescent additives incorporated during leather tanning.
- To elucidate the roles of specific compounds in both condensed and gas phases of flame retardancy.
- To compare the effectiveness of tanning-integrated additives versus traditional coating methods.
Main Methods:
- Systematic investigation of various intumescent additive mixtures during leather tanning.
- Evaluation of flame retardant effects in both condensed and gas phases.
- Quantification of fire and smoke behavior using fire analysis techniques.
Main Results:
- Melamine demonstrated a significant impact on gas-phase flame retardancy.
- Polyphosphates were effective in enhancing condensed-phase flame retardancy.
- Treated leather exhibited a 14% reduction in peak heat release rate, reduced burning length, and a 20% decrease in total smoke release compared to untreated leather.
Conclusions:
- Specific intumescent compounds added during tanning effectively impart flame retardancy to leather.
- This tanning-integrated approach offers a cost-effective and efficient alternative to conventional finishing treatments.
- The findings highlight a promising pathway for enhancing leather safety and reducing manufacturing complexity.
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