Dataset for the determination of phosphorus in soil through the analysis of hyperspectral images

This article presents the capture protocol to acquire hyperspectral images, which can be used to quantify the concentration of total phosphorus in soil samples. 152 soil samples were prepared, and a hyperspectral cube made up of 145 images in the VIS-NIR bands, between 420 and 1000 nm, was obtained from each of them. The images obtained were taken with the Bayspec OCIF Series hyperspectral camera, in push-broom function, using a platform that includes an illumination system that offers a continuous spectrum in the range of interest. The samples were prepared with a soil from the Santander de Quilichao region, Cauca, Colombia, and mixed with known concentrations of P₂O₅ fertilizer, so that a total mass of 50 g was obtained. Each sample was deposited in a round black plastic container, 6 cm in diameter and a depth of 1 cm. The soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory to establish the concentration of total phosphorus. Therefore, the database is made up of the images associated with the hyperspectral cube of each sample, and four tables: the first describes the properties of the soil used to obtain the mixtures, the second the composition of the fertilizer used, the third describes the soil-fertilizer ratio to make up the samples, and the fourth was the laboratory analysis of the total phosphorus content of the analyzed samples.