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Related Concept Videos

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

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Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes02:46

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Tetrahedral Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
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Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Lithium Superionic Conduction in BH4 -Substituted Thiophosphate Solid Electrolytes.

Yong-Jin Jang1, Hyungeun Seo1, Young-Su Lee2

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|December 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New solid electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries offer enhanced safety and high energy density. Researchers developed a novel Li thiophosphate solid electrolyte with high ionic conductivity using a simple milling method.

Keywords:
all-solid-state batteriesargyroditelithium borohydridesolid electrolytethiophosphate

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Solid-state Chemistry

Background:

  • Solid electrolytes offer improved safety and energy density for lithium-ion batteries compared to liquid electrolytes.
  • Sulfide-based solid electrolytes, particularly Li thiophosphates, are recognized for their high ionic conductivity.
  • Understanding the local structure of thiophosphate units is crucial for optimizing ionic conductivity, but remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prepare novel Li thiophosphate solid electrolytes containing BH4- anions.
  • To investigate the relationship between thiophosphate local structure and ionic conductivity.
  • To evaluate the performance of these solid electrolytes in all-solid-state batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Simple and fast milling method for synthesizing Li thiophosphate solid electrolytes without heat treatment.
  • Raman spectroscopy and solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to analyze the thiophosphate local structure.
  • Ionic conductivity measurements at 25 °C.
  • Fabrication and testing of all-solid-state cells.

Main Results:

  • Synthesized Li thiophosphate solid electrolytes with ionic conductivity up to 11 mS cm-1 at 25 °C.
  • Demonstrated that thiophosphate local structure can be tuned by varying LiBH4 content and milling conditions.
  • Established a significant impact of local structure on ionic conductivity.
  • Achieved superior cycle and rate performance in all-solid-state cells using the developed electrolyte.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Li thiophosphate solid electrolytes offer a promising alternative for high-performance and safe lithium-ion batteries.
  • Tailoring the thiophosphate local structure is a key strategy for enhancing ionic conductivity in these materials.
  • The simple milling synthesis method is efficient for producing advanced solid electrolytes.