Physicochemical properties and osteoclastogenesis for three premixed calcium silicate-based sealers post set

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Dental Materials
• Endodontics

Background:

• Bioceramic sealers are increasingly used in endodontic treatments.
• Understanding their physicochemical properties and biological responses is essential for clinical success.
• Key properties include solubility, pH, ion release, cytotoxicity, and effects on bone remodeling cells.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the solubility, pH, ion release, cytotoxicity, and osteoclastogenesis inhibition of three bioceramic sealers: EndoSequence BC Sealer (END), Bio-C Sealer (BC), and Sealer Plus BC (SPBC).
• To evaluate the biological performance of these sealers in vitro.

Main Methods:

• Sealers were immersed in deionized water (DW) and Minimum Essential Medium Alpha (α-MEM).
• Solubility assessed by mass loss; pH measured directly.
• Ion release quantified using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF); cytotoxicity evaluated via MTT assay; osteoclastogenesis inhibition assessed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining.

Main Results:

• EndoSequence BC Sealer exhibited the highest pH in DW, while Bio-C Sealer showed the highest pH in α-MEM.
• Bio-C Sealer demonstrated the highest calcium release in both DW and α-MEM.
• EndoSequence BC Sealer displayed the lowest cytotoxicity, and Bio-C Sealer showed the most significant inhibition of osteoclastogenesis.

Conclusions:

• Bioceramic sealers exhibit varying physicochemical properties and biological responses.
• Bio-C Sealer shows high calcium release and potent osteoclast inhibition, while EndoSequence BC Sealer offers superior cell viability.
• These differences may influence their clinical performance and long-term outcomes in endodontic therapy.