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Mechanism and function of miR-140 in human cancers: A review and in silico study

Forough Taheri1, Seyed Omar Ebrahimi2, Razieh Heidari3

  • 1Department of Genetics, Sharekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sharekord, Iran.

Pathology, Research and Practice
|December 12, 2022
PubMed

Insights

MicroRNA-140 (miR-140) functions as a tumor suppressor, with decreased expression linked to various cancers. Restoring miR-140 levels may improve cancer treatment efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNA-140 (miR-140) is a known tumor suppressor involved in crucial cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, and DNA repair.
  • Significantly reduced miR-140 expression is observed in numerous cancer types compared to normal tissues, suggesting its role in oncogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the multifaceted roles of miR-140 in the development and progression of various human cancers.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of modulating miR-140 in cancer treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and analysis of existing studies on miR-140 function in cancer.
  • Examination of miR-140's impact on cancer cell behavior and signaling pathways.
  • Assessment of miR-140's influence on chemotherapy response.

Main Results:

  • Downregulation of miR-140 is associated with the initiation and advancement of cancers including breast, gastrointestinal, lung, and prostate cancer.
  • Dysregulation of the miR-140 network impacts cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and apoptosis through various signaling pathways.
  • Upregulating miR-140 demonstrates potential to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents.

Conclusions:

  • miR-140 plays a critical role as a tumor suppressor across different stages of cancer progression.
  • Targeting the miR-140 network presents a promising avenue for novel cancer therapies and enhancing existing treatments.
Keywords:
Cancer stem cellChemo-resistanceEMTHuman cancerLncRNAsMiR-140

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