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Riparian buffers increase future baseflow and reduce peakflows in a developing watershed.

Elly T Gay1, Katherine L Martin2, Peter V Caldwell3

  • 1North Carolina State University, Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, 2800 Faucette Dr, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.

The Science of the Total Environment
|December 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Riparian buffers help manage freshwater resources stressed by land conversion and climate change. Wider buffers (30m) are most effective in developed areas, increasing low flows and decreasing high flows, crucial for ecosystem services.

Keywords:
FUTURES modelForested watershedsGlobal climate modelHydrologic modelingLand use land cover change (LULCC)Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Hydrology
  • Ecosystem Management

Background:

  • Freshwater resources are increasingly stressed by land conversion and climate change.
  • Riparian areas and their buffers are vital for regulating hydrologic processes.
  • Current understanding of riparian buffer efficacy under future environmental change is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To simulate and assess the hydrologic effectiveness of different riparian buffer widths under future land use and climate change scenarios.
  • To evaluate the potential of riparian buffers in mitigating impacts on streamflow.
  • To inform adaptive management strategies for conserving ecosystem services.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for hydrologic modeling.
  • Projected streamflow in the Upper Neuse River watershed, North Carolina, USA.
  • Simulated three riparian buffer treatments (present, 15m, 30m) against future land use (doubled development) and climate change scenarios.

Main Results:

  • In highly developed areas (>50%), 30m buffers increased low flows by 4% and decreased high flows by 3%.
  • In moderately developed areas (20-50%), 15m and 30m buffers reduced low flow by 8% with minor high flow impact.
  • Buffer effectiveness varied with development intensity, suggesting localized benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized riparian buffers show potential for effective local-scale hydrologic mitigation.
  • Strategic placement of buffers at the watershed scale requires further research.
  • Integrating riparian buffers into hydrologic models offers a novel approach for ecosystem service conservation.