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Evaluating self-reported retrospective average daily fruit, vegetable, and egg intake: Trustworthy-Sometimes!
Viktoria S Egele1, Eric Klopp1, Robin Stark1
1Department of Educational Research, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.
Applied Psychology. Health and Well-Being
|December 12, 2022
Summary
Retrospective dietary self-reports are valid for two-thirds of individuals, particularly "good self-reporters." Poor self-reporters rely on recent intake, impacting accuracy.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition science
- Psychology of memory and reporting
Background:
- Retrospective self-reports are widely used for dietary intake assessment.
- Concerns exist regarding the validity of these reports due to memory and reporting assumptions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the assumptions underlying valid retrospective dietary self-reports.
- To investigate individual differences in self-report accuracy.
Main Methods:
- Ninety-two adults (18-61 years) completed seven sequential 24-hour dietary recalls.
- A retrospective 7-day recall for fruit, vegetable, and egg intake was also conducted.
- Multiple linear regression analyzed the relationship between daily intake and the 7-day recall.
Main Results:
- Overall, the assumptions for valid retrospective self-reports were not met in the total sample.
- However, 'good self-reporters' met these assumptions, unlike 'poor self-reporters' who exhibited recency effects.
- Approximately two-thirds of participants met the criteria for valid retrospective reporting.
Conclusions:
- Retrospective self-reports are a valid method for assessing dietary intake in a significant portion of the population.
- Individual differences in reporting ability are crucial, with 'good self-reporters' providing more reliable data.
- Further research is needed to identify characteristics distinguishing good from poor self-reporters.
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