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Face, content, and construct validity of the virtual immersive operating room simulator for training laparoscopic
Fernando Pérez-Escamirosa1,2, Damaris Areli García-Cabra3,4, José Ricardo Ortiz-Hernández5
1Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología (ICAT), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Circuito Exterior S/N, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico. fernando.perez@icat.unam.mx.
Surgical Endoscopy
|December 12, 2022
Summary
The virtual immersive operating room simulator (VIORS) effectively trains laparoscopic skills. This validated simulator differentiates surgeon skill levels and offers a realistic, immersive training experience.
Area of Science:
- Surgical simulation
- Medical education technology
- Virtual reality in surgery
Background:
- Laparoscopic surgery requires specialized psychomotor skills.
- Traditional training methods may not fully replicate the complexities of the operating room environment.
- Virtual reality offers a promising avenue for immersive surgical training.
Purpose of the Study:
- To validate the Virtual Immersive Operating Room Simulator (VIORS) for laparoscopic psychomotor skill training.
- To assess the face, content, and construct validity of the VIORS.
- To evaluate the immersive training experience provided by VIORS.
Main Methods:
- Developed VIORS using Oculus Rift HMD, simulated laparoscopic instruments, and a 360° virtual operating room.
- Recruited 45 participants (novices, intermediates, experts) for training and evaluation.
- Collected data via realism/immersion questionnaires, movement analysis parameters (MAPs), and NASA-TLX for workload assessment.
Main Results:
- Participants reported high levels of immersion and realism with VIORS.
- VIORS demonstrated construct validity by differentiating between surgeon skill levels, with significant differences in nine MAPs.
- The training experience indicated a moderate mental workload.
Conclusions:
- The VIORS simulator has been successfully validated as a tool for surgical education.
- VIORS is an effective and useful device for training laparoscopic psychomotor skills.
- The simulator provides a realistic and immersive environment for procedural training.
