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Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

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Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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How does Hashimoto's thyroiditis affect bone metabolism?

Jialu Wu1, Hui Huang2, Xijie Yu3

  • 1Laboratory of Endocrinology and Metabolism/Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, 610041, Chengdu, P.R. China.

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders
|December 12, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) impacts bone metabolism through endocrine and immune pathways. This review explores how thyroid autoimmunity and osteoimmunology influence bone health in HT patients.

Keywords:
Autoimmune diseasesBone metabolismHashimoto’s thyroiditisOsteoimmunology

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Area of Science:

  • Osteoimmunology
  • Endocrinology
  • Autoimmune Diseases

Background:

  • Bone marrow cells regulate bone maintenance, hematopoiesis, and immune responses.
  • Osteoimmunology describes the interaction between the immune system and bone.
  • Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by thyroid autoantibodies and potential thyroid dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the long-term effects of HT on bone metabolism.
  • To elucidate the relationship between thyroid autoimmunity and osteoimmunology.
  • To summarize the mechanisms linking HT, bone health, and the autoimmune background.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review summarizing existing research on HT, bone metabolism, and osteoimmunology.
  • Analysis of the roles of immune cells, cytokines, and chemokines in HT pathogenesis and osteoporosis.
  • Examination of vitamin D's immunomodulatory effects on thyroid immunity and osteoimmunology.

Main Results:

  • HT affects bone metabolism via thyroid function, TSH levels, and the autoimmune background.
  • Thyroid autoimmunity and osteoimmunology share complex etiologies involving immune mediators.
  • Vitamin D acts as an immunomodulator influencing both thyroid immunity and bone health.

Conclusions:

  • HT influences bone metabolism through both endocrine and immune pathways.
  • The autoimmune background in HT plays a significant role in bone health.
  • Understanding osteoimmunology is crucial for managing HT-related bone complications.