Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Study of the Functions and Activities of Neuronal K-Cl Co-Transporter KCC2 Using Western Blotting
Published on: December 9, 2022
The mechanisms of chromogranin B-regulated Cl- homeostasis
Qiu-Xing Jiang1,2,3, Gaya Yadav3,4
1Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14210, U.S.A.
Abstract:
Chloride is the most abundant inorganic anions in almost all cells and in human circulation systems. Its homeostasis is therefore important for systems physiology and normal cellular activities. This topic has been extensively studied with chloride loaders and extruders expressed in both cell surfaces and intracellular membranes. With the newly discovered, large-conductance, highly selective Cl- channel formed by membrane-bound chromogranin B (CHGB), which differs from all other known anion channels of conventional transmembrane topology, and is distributed in plasma membranes, endomembrane systems, endosomal, and endolysosomal compartments in cells expressing it, we will discuss the potential physiological importance of the CHGB channels to Cl- homeostasis, cellular excitability and volume control, and cation uptake or release at the cellular and subcellular levels. These considerations and CHGB's association with human diseases make the CHGB channel a possible druggable target for future molecular therapeutics.
Related Concept Videos
Overview of Secretory Vesicles
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
Roles of Electrolytes: Chloride and Bicarbonate
Conditions such as hypochloremia can arise from insufficient chloride reabsorption by the kidneys, often compounded by extended bouts of diarrhea, vomiting,...
pH Regulation in Cells
Cytosolic pH
Under physiological conditions, the cytosolic pH is slightly more acidic than the extracellular pH. However, cells must prevent further acidification of their cytosol to...
Physiology of the Genitourinary System II: Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion
Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...
Reabsorption and Secretion in the DCT and Collecting Duct
The distal...

