Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

8.5K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
8.5K
Diversity of Protists II01:27

Diversity of Protists II

88
Alveolates are a group of organisms recognized by the presence of alveoli, which are cytoplasmic sacs located beneath the cell membrane. While their function remains uncertain, alveoli may help regulate water balance by controlling how much water enters and leaves the cell. In dinoflagellates, these structures may serve as armor plates. There are three major types of alveolates: ciliates, which move using cilia; dinoflagellates, which use flagella for movement; and apicomplexans, which are...
88
Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

Fungal Phylum Microsporidia

81
Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
81
Gene Flow02:39

Gene Flow

35.4K
Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
35.4K
Distribution and Dispersion00:54

Distribution and Dispersion

22.2K
To understand intra-specific interactions in populations, scientists measure the spatial arrangement of species individuals. This geographic arrangement is known as the species distribution or dispersion. Highly territorial species exhibit a uniform distribution pattern, in which individuals are spaced at relatively equal distances from one another. Species that are highly tied to particular resources, such as food or shelter, tend to concentrate around those resources, and thus exhibit a...
22.2K
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II01:18

Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II

1.7K
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Rapid evolution in necromass use under resource limitation reduces persistence in producer-decomposer microbial biospheres.

Communications biology·2026
Same author

Contrasting sensitivities to seasonal warming among co-occurring diseases.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same author

Do plant pathogens prefer seedlings? Variation in age-specific infectivity across pathogen genotypes.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same author

Epidemiological impacts of nonpharmaceutical interventions are modulated by immunity exposure trade offs.

Communications medicine·2026
Same author

Pathogens pull hardest in the coevolutionary arms-race to determine age-specific transmission biases.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

The potential impacts of vector host species fidelity on zoonotic arbovirus transmission.

PLoS neglected tropical diseases·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2025

An Experimental Model to Study Tuberculosis-Malaria Coinfection upon Natural Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium berghei
09:02

An Experimental Model to Study Tuberculosis-Malaria Coinfection upon Natural Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium berghei

Published on: February 17, 2014

20.0K

Multimodal pathogen transmission as a limiting factor in host distribution.

Lawrence H Uricchio1,2, Emily L Bruns3, Michael E Hood4

  • 1Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA.

Ecology
|December 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Infectious diseases can limit where species live. This study shows multimodal pathogen transmission in alpine carnations drives population declines and predicts local extinction.

Keywords:
disease ecologypathogen transmissionspecies distributions

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Advanced Enteroid Model for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions
07:56

Author Spotlight: Advanced Enteroid Model for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: April 5, 2024

1.9K
Tick Microbiome Characterization by Next-Generation 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing
07:21

Tick Microbiome Characterization by Next-Generation 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing

Published on: August 25, 2018

12.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 17, 2025

An Experimental Model to Study Tuberculosis-Malaria Coinfection upon Natural Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium berghei
09:02

An Experimental Model to Study Tuberculosis-Malaria Coinfection upon Natural Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Plasmodium berghei

Published on: February 17, 2014

20.0K
Author Spotlight: Advanced Enteroid Model for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions
07:56

Author Spotlight: Advanced Enteroid Model for Studying Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: April 5, 2024

1.9K
Tick Microbiome Characterization by Next-Generation 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing
07:21

Tick Microbiome Characterization by Next-Generation 16S rRNA Amplicon Sequencing

Published on: August 25, 2018

12.9K

Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Epidemiology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Theoretical models propose infectious diseases influence host species' spatial distribution.
  • Sterilizing pathogens and frequency-dependent transmission may significantly impact species' range limits due to persistent infectious stages and efficacy at low densities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically test the role of infectious diseases in host species' spatial distribution.
  • To investigate the impact of multimodal pathogen transmission on host population dynamics and distribution limits.

Main Methods:

  • Collected 13-year spatial pathogen prevalence and population abundance data for alpine carnations infected with Microbotryum dianthorum.
  • Utilized a stochastic, spatial model incorporating habitat heterogeneity to simulate parasite spread.
  • Analyzed host-pathogen dynamics considering both frequency-dependent and density-dependent transmission mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Observed rapid declines in alpine carnation population abundance without a corresponding decrease in pathogen prevalence.
  • Found that multimodal pathogen transmission plausibly explains the observed population decline.
  • Demonstrated that neither frequency-dependent nor density-dependent transmission alone could account for the observed decline.

Conclusions:

  • Multimodal transmission is a critical factor constraining host species distributions.
  • High transmission rates observed in this system suggest a high likelihood of eventual local extinction for the host species.
  • Empirical evidence supports the significant ecological role of infectious diseases in shaping species' geographic ranges.