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Outcomes of Surgical Management for Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Infants in Nigeria

Ndubueze Ezemba1, Josephat M Chinawa2, Daberechi K Adiele2

  • 1Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, National Cardiothoracic Center of Excellence, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku/Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.

Texas Heart Institute Journal
|December 13, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in Nigerian infants demonstrated excellent outcomes. International collaborations are vital for improving pediatric cardiac surgery access in developing nations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Defects
  • Global Health

Background:

  • Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a frequent congenital heart defect in infants, posing significant risks of morbidity and mortality if untreated.
  • Access to specialized cardiovascular surgical care for infants is limited in lower-middle-income countries, including Nigeria.
  • International voluntary cardiac organizations are increasingly supporting the provision of essential cardiac surgical services to underserved populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the surgical outcomes of infants treated for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) at an emerging cardiac center in Nigeria.
  • To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of surgical PDA closure in a resource-limited setting.
  • To highlight the impact of international collaborations on pediatric cardiac surgery in developing countries.

Main Methods:

  • A case series involving 30 infants surgically treated for PDA between 2013 and 2019.
  • Patients included infants with PDA as the primary cardiac lesion, with demographic and clinical data collected.
  • Surgical intervention involved the closure of the patent ductus arteriosus.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-nine out of 30 infants (96.7%) underwent successful surgical closure of PDA; one infant died prior to surgery.
  • No procedure-related deaths were recorded, with only two cases of trivial residual PDA.
  • The cohort comprised 9 male (30%) and 21 female (70%) infants, with a mean age of 8.2 months and a mean weight deficit of 34.5%.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical management of PDA in this cohort yielded excellent outcomes with acceptable mortality rates.
  • The findings underscore the positive impact of international voluntary cardiac missions in establishing and supporting cardiac surgery services.
  • Continued development of the emerging cardiac center is expected to further enhance perioperative care and sustainability.
Abstract

Keywords:
Ligationductus arteriosus, patentfailure to thrive

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