Titration Mass Spectroscopy (TMS): A Quantitative Analytical Technology for Rechargeable Batteries

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Analytical Chemistry

Background:

• High-energy-density rechargeable batteries require precise characterization and quantification methods.
• Existing methods often lack the accuracy needed to assess battery modification strategies.
• Understanding degradation mechanisms is crucial for battery performance and longevity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate Titration Mass Spectroscopy (TMS) as a reliable quantification technology for battery research.
• To apply TMS for accurate measurement of key degradation products in various battery systems.
• To demonstrate the versatility of TMS in elucidating battery mechanisms and guiding design strategies.

Main Methods:

• Development of Titration Mass Spectroscopy (TMS) for quantitative analysis.
• Application of TMS to quantify O-related anionic redox reactions in Li-O2 batteries and NCM/Li-rich cathodes.
• Utilizing TMS to measure parasitic carbonate deposition/decomposition and dead Li0 formation in Li-metal batteries and graphite anodes.

Main Results:

• TMS accurately quantifies oxidized lattice oxygen and SEI/CEI components.
• The technology successfully elucidates mechanisms, such as the role of Ni4+ in NCM cathodes.
• TMS provides quantitative insights into parasitic reactions and lithium metal degradation.

Conclusions:

• TMS is a powerful and versatile tool for quantitative analysis in advanced battery systems.
• This technology enables a deeper understanding of battery degradation mechanisms.
• TMS facilitates the development of improved battery designs and materials for enhanced performance.