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Fansidar hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

D McCormack1, W K Morgan

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.

British Journal of Diseases of the Chest
|April 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Fansidar, a malaria drug combining pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine, caused severe lung inflammation (hypersensitivity pneumonia) in a patient. This adverse drug reaction required mechanical ventilation, highlighting a serious risk associated with sulphadoxine.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Antimalarial drugs are crucial for global health, but carry potential risks.
  • Fansidar, a combination of pyrimethamine and sulphadoxine, has been used for malaria prophylaxis.
  • Hypersensitivity reactions to medications can manifest in various organs, including the lungs.

Observation:

  • A patient was prescribed Fansidar for malaria prophylaxis.
  • The patient developed severe hypersensitivity pneumonia.
  • Mechanical ventilation was required due to respiratory failure.

Findings:

  • The severe hypersensitivity pneumonia was strongly suspected to be caused by the sulphadoxine component of Fansidar.
  • This case illustrates a rare but serious adverse drug reaction to an antimalarial agent.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should be aware of the potential for severe pulmonary toxicity with sulphadoxine-containing antimalarials.
  • Further investigation into the mechanisms of Fansidar-induced lung injury may be warranted.
  • Patient monitoring for respiratory symptoms during antimalarial therapy is essential.

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