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Isolation, Characterization and Functional Examination of the Gingival Immune Cell Network
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Gingival lichen planus: A clinical and pathological study.

Loïc Mahé Keller1, Tommaso Lombardi1

  • 1Oral Medicine and Oral Maxillofacial Pathology Unit, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva & University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
|December 13, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Gingival lichen planus, a chronic oral condition, most often affects women and presents in various forms. Regular monitoring is crucial for detecting potential malignant transformations.

Keywords:
DiagnosisGingivaHistopathologyMalignant transformationOral lichen planus

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Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Dermatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a prevalent immune-mediated chronic inflammatory condition affecting oral mucosa.
  • It predominantly impacts adults, particularly women, with common sites including buccal mucosa, tongue, and gingiva.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the clinicopathological features of gingival lichen planus (GLP).
  • To investigate demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, and histopathological findings in GLP patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 190 histopathologically confirmed GLP cases diagnosed between 2000 and 2019.
  • Data collected included patient demographics, lesion location, clinical appearance, histopathology, and symptoms.

Main Results:

  • The majority of patients were women (74.2%) with a mean age of 58.6 years.
  • 41.6% of GLP cases were confined to the gingiva; others involved additional sites like buccal mucosa and tongue.
  • Mixed and erythematous/erosive forms were most symptomatic; 3.7% of cases showed malignant transformation.

Conclusions:

  • Gingival lichen planus exhibits diverse clinical and histological presentations.
  • Long-term follow-up is essential for early detection of malignant changes in GLP patients.