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Antimicrobial Activity in Chitosan-Treated Prosthetic Materials: A Systematic Review.

I A F Muniz¹, D E S Campos¹, I L A Ribeiro²

¹Universidade Federal da Paraíba,João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil.

The European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry

|December 14, 2022

Summary

Chitosan demonstrates significant antimicrobial activity, proving effective in treating prosthetic materials like PMMA and tissue conditioners. Its efficacy depends on application methods and chitosan characteristics.

Keywords:

Anti-Infective Agents Chitosan Denture Rebasing Polymethyl Methacrylate

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Microbiology
Polymer Chemistry

Background:

Prosthetic materials, such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and tissue conditioners, are susceptible to microbial colonization.
Developing effective antimicrobial strategies for these materials is crucial for patient health and prosthetic longevity.

Approach:

A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, searching major databases for in vitro studies.
Eleven articles were included, focusing on PMMA and tissue conditioners treated with chitosan.
Data extraction and risk of bias analysis were performed to synthesize findings.

Key Points:

Chitosan incorporation into tissue conditioners was explored in three studies.
For PMMA, chitosan was used as a denture cleanser (3 studies), incorporated (2 studies), in multilayers (2 studies), and as a denture adhesive (1 study).
Chitosan's antimicrobial efficacy is influenced by treatment method, chitosan characteristics, microorganism, and its organizational form.

Conclusions:

Chitosan exhibits potent antimicrobial activity.
Chitosan is an effective agent for the treatment of prosthetic materials, offering a promising approach to prevent microbial challenges.