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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Preterm EEG: A Multimodal Neurophysiological Protocol
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Aberrant claustrum structure in preterm-born neonates: an MRI study.

Antonia Neubauer1, Aurore Menegaux1, Jil Wendt1

  • 1Department of Neuroradiology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany; School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Germany.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|December 14, 2022
PubMed
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Preterm birth alters neonatal claustrum structure, showing increased volume but impaired microstructural integrity. These findings suggest developmental changes in the claustrum may impact later cognitive function in preterm infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • The human claustrum, a subcortical gray matter structure, plays a role in cognitive functions.
  • Previous studies indicated altered claustrum microstructure in adults born very preterm, correlating with lower cognitive performance.
  • Claustrum development is sensitive to hypoxia-ischemia, a risk factor in premature birth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether claustrum structure is already altered in preterm-born neonates at term-equivalent age.
  • To analyze claustrum development in both term- and preterm-born neonates.
  • To explore the relationship between preterm birth and early claustrum structural development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized anatomical and diffusion-weighted MRI data from the developing Human Connectome Project.
Keywords:
Brain developmentClaustrumMagnetic resonance imagingNeonatePreterm birthSubplate neurons

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  • Studied 83 preterm- and 83 term-born neonates at term-equivalent age.
  • Analyzed claustrum development across a larger cohort (377 term-born) and longitudinally (53 preterm-born).

    • Main Results:

    • Preterm neonates exhibited increased absolute and relative claustrum volumes compared to term-born neonates.
    • Preterm infants showed lower fractional anisotropy (FA) and higher mean diffusivity (MD) in the claustrum, indicating impaired axonal integrity.
    • Aberrant covariance between claustrum FA/MD and other gray matter regions was observed in preterm neonates, suggesting altered microstructural relationships.

    Conclusions:

    • Results demonstrate specifically aberrant claustrum structure in preterm-born neonates.
    • These findings suggest altered claustrum development in prematurity.
    • The observed structural alterations may be relevant for later cognitive performance in individuals born preterm.