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Conjugated Proteins

Conjugated Proteins

Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation

Production of E. coli-expressed Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticles for Vaccines Requiring Trimeric Epitope Presentation

Published on: August 21, 2019

Protein-based nanocages for vaccine development.

Seong A Kim¹, Yeram Lee², Yeju Ko²

¹KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Chemical & Biological Integrative Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society

|December 14, 2022

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Protein nanocages offer superior antigen delivery for vaccines, enhancing immune responses. Their properties make them ideal for targeting lymph nodes and improving efficacy against cancer and infectious diseases like COVID-19.

Keywords:

Cancer vaccine Protein nanocage SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Virus-like particle

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Published on: July 25, 2022

Area of Science:

Nanomedicine
Biotechnology
Immunology

Background:

Protein nanocages possess inherent biocompatibility, biodegradability, and stability, making them promising nanocarriers.
Their unique structure allows for surface and internal modifications, crucial for targeted drug delivery and vaccine development.
In vaccine design, protein nanocages enhance immunogenicity by promoting antigen uptake and B cell receptor crosslinking.

Approach:

This review focuses on the design and application of protein nanocages, including virus-like particles and artificial caged proteins.
The efficacy of these nanostructures is examined for treating cancer and infectious diseases, with specific mention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
The review synthesizes current knowledge on protein nanocages in clinical trials, evaluating their physiological and immunological properties.

Key Points:

Protein nanocages demonstrate superior antigen delivery capabilities due to their biodistribution, immunogenicity, and stability.
Their multifunctionality allows for versatile applications in nanomedicine, particularly in vaccine development.
Specific examples like virus-like particles are discussed for their role in combating diseases.

Conclusions:

Protein nanocages represent a highly effective platform for antigen delivery, significantly boosting vaccine immunogenicity.
Further research and development are needed to overcome hurdles in conventional distribution techniques for therapeutic cancer vaccines.
The review provides an outlook on the future potential of protein nanocages in clinical applications.