The role of food substitutes in a token economy system

Data from five behaviour management (token economy) units were analysed for periods of 10-20 weeks before and after the use of a food substitute (Complan), provided when insufficient tokens had been earned to buy a full- or part-meal. The efficacy of this form of negative punishment to control disturbed and aggressive behaviour was examined. No evidence was found to suggest that the contingent use of a food substitute made any contribution to the therapeutic process.