Arbitrary entanglement of three qubits via linear optics

Area of Science:

• Quantum Information Science
• Linear Optics
• Quantum Entanglement

Background:

• Generating arbitrary quantum states is crucial for quantum information processing.
• Existing methods for multi-qubit state generation can be complex and resource-intensive.
• Entanglement is a key resource, but its practical generation requires robust schemes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To present a novel linear-optical scheme for generating arbitrary three-qubit states.
• To demonstrate a protocol insensitive to particle statistics (bosons, fermions, anyons).
• To highlight the utility of particle indistinguishability in entanglement generation.

Main Methods:

• Utilized a linear-optical setup with three independent input particles.
• Employed post-selection based on coincidence detection at the output.
• Built upon the 'no-touching' paradigm, leveraging particle indistinguishability.

Main Results:

• Successfully generated an arbitrary state of three qubits.
• Achieved a constant success probability for any target state.
• Demonstrated insensitivity of the optical design to particle statistics.

Conclusions:

• The proposed linear-optical scheme provides an efficient method for arbitrary three-qubit state generation.
• The protocol's success probability and particle-statistic insensitivity make it practical.
• Particle indistinguishability is a valuable resource for creating entanglement in quantum applications.