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Comprehension in aphasia: a cross-linguistic study.

E Bates1, A Friederici, B Wulfeck

  • 1Psychology Department, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.

Brain and Language
|September 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Broca's aphasics show preserved word order but impaired grammar across languages, suggesting information "accessing" issues, not a complete loss. This pattern isn't unique to agrammatic patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Linguistics
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Broca's aphasia is characterized by difficulties in language production and comprehension.
  • Sentence interpretation relies on word order, grammatical morphology, and semantic cues.
  • Languages differ in the reliability (cue validity) of these information sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how Broca's aphasics interpret sentences across languages with varying cue validities.
  • To determine the relative sparing and impairment of word order, grammatical morphology, and semantic information in sentence interpretation.
  • To explore whether the observed patterns are specific to Broca's aphasia.

Main Methods:

  • Sentence interpretation task administered to Broca's aphasics and normal controls.
  • Participants were native speakers of English, German, or Italian.
  • Analysis focused on the use of word order, grammatical morphology, and semantic information.

Main Results:

  • Word order was selectively spared, while grammatical morphology was selectively impaired in Broca's aphasics across all tested languages.
  • Language-specific interpretation patterns persisted in Broca's aphasics, even within the impaired morphological component.
  • Similar selective vulnerability of morphology was observed in Wernicke's aphasics and anomics, suggesting it's not specific to agrammatic patients.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support an 'accessing' deficit rather than a complete 'loss' of linguistic information in Broca's aphasia.
  • Selective impairment of grammatical morphology is not exclusive to agrammatic patients.
  • Sentence processing in aphasia is influenced by language-specific properties and the nature of the deficit.

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