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Kidney Failure in Children with Wilms Tumor: A Study Based on Urine Analysis and Ultrasound

Ali Ghasemi1, Kazem Ghaffari2, Alireza Gohari3

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.

Advanced Biomedical Research
|December 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Wilms tumor (WT) progression can increase kidney size without causing renal insufficiency. Urinalysis combined with sonography is essential for detecting kidney issues in WT patients, as ultrasound alone is insufficient.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Wilms tumor (WT) is frequently associated with renal complications.
  • Monitoring renal function is crucial for managing children with WT.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate renal function in children with Wilms tumor.
  • To assess changes in renal function over a two-year period.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive-analytical study included 48 children with WT.
  • Evaluated urine creatinine, serum calcium, blood pressure, eGFR, and urinary protein.
  • Utilized kidney ultrasonography and calculated specific urine ratios.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in renal function markers (UCr, SCr, eGFR, UPro) were observed between baseline and study end.
  • Kidney size showed a statistically significant increase with tumor stage and over time.
  • Despite increased kidney size, renal insufficiency was not detected.

Conclusions:

  • Wilms tumor progression correlates with increased kidney size, not necessarily renal insufficiency.
  • Urinalysis combined with ultrasonography is recommended for comprehensive renal assessment in WT patients.
  • Reliance on ultrasound alone for determining kidney insufficiency in WT is not advised.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildWilms tumorrenal insufficiency

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