Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

4.3K
A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
4.3K
Potential Due to a Polarized Object01:29

Potential Due to a Polarized Object

457
A neutral atom consists of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by a negatively charged electron cloud. When placed in an external electric field, the external electric force pulls the electrons and nucleus apart, opposite to the intrinsic attraction between the nucleus and the electrons. The opposing forces balance each other with a slight shift between the center of masses of the nucleus and the electron cloud, resulting in a polarized atom. On the other hand, a few molecules, like water,...
457
Fermi Level Dynamics01:12

Fermi Level Dynamics

312
The vacuum level denotes the energy threshold required for an electron to escape from a material surface. It is usually positioned above the conduction band of a semiconductor and acts as a benchmark for comparing electron energies within various materials.
Electron affinity in semiconductors refers to the energy gap between the minimum of its conduction band and the vacuum level and it is a critical parameter in determining how easily a semiconductor can accept additional electrons.
The work...
312
Divergence and Curl of Magnetic Field01:26

Divergence and Curl of Magnetic Field

3.1K
The magnetic field due to a volume current distribution given by the Biot–Savart Law can be expressed as follows:
3.1K
Van der Waals Interactions01:24

Van der Waals Interactions

64.4K
Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.
64.4K
Electric Dipoles and Dipole Moment01:30

Electric Dipoles and Dipole Moment

5.3K
Consider two charges of equal magnitude but opposite signs. If they cannot be separated by an external electric field, the system is called a permanent dipole. For example, the water molecule is a dipole, making it a good solvent.
Theoretically, studying electric dipoles leads to understanding why the resultant electric forces around us are weak. Since electric forces are strong, remnant net charges are rare. Hence, the interaction between dipoles helps us understand electrical interactions in...
5.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Magneto-ionic control of magnetism through voltage-driven carbon transport.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Giant Spin-flop magnetoresistance in a collinear antiferromagnetic tunnel junction.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

Correction to "Full Electrical Manipulation of Perpendicular Magnetization in [111]-Orientated Pt/Co Heterostructure Enabled by Anisotropic Epitaxial Strain".

Nano letters·2025
Same author

Suppression of Spin-Orbit Torque Switching by the Magnetic Proximity Effect.

ACS nano·2025
Same author

Biofeedback magnetic stimulation improves postoperative bowel dysfunction after rectal cancer surgery.

American journal of translational research·2025
Same author

Precise Tuning of Skyrmion Density in a Controllable Manner by Ion Irradiation.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.5K

Gradient-Induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interaction.

Jinghua Liang1,2, Mairbek Chshiev3,4, Albert Fert5

  • 1National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.

Nano Letters
|December 15, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Gradient Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (g-DMI) in magnetic films offers tunable control over chiral magnetic structures. This gradient-induced DMI enables field-free switching, crucial for advanced spintronic devices.

Keywords:
DMIcomposition gradientfield-free SOT switchingskyrmion

More Related Videos

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
08:54

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

Published on: January 25, 2020

5.7K
Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids
08:04

Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids

Published on: May 27, 2020

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

7.5K
Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid
08:54

Vibrational Spectra of a N719-Chromophore/Titania Interface from Empirical-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation, Solvated by a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid

Published on: January 25, 2020

5.7K
Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids
08:04

Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids

Published on: May 27, 2020

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is vital for topological spintronics, arising in systems lacking inversion symmetry.
  • Understanding and controlling DMI is key to developing novel magnetic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a novel form of DMI, termed gradient DMI (g-DMI), in magnetic films with composition gradients.
  • To explore the tunability of g-DMI strength and chirality via composition gradients.

Main Methods:

  • Atomistic spin calculations were employed to simulate and analyze g-DMI.
  • Layer-resolved analysis was performed to understand the additive nature of g-DMI.

Main Results:

  • Both strength and chirality of g-DMI can be precisely controlled by the composition gradient, even in disordered systems.
  • g-DMI exhibits additive behavior within bulk layers, explaining its linear thickness dependence.
  • g-DMI induces chiral magnetic structures like spin spirals and skyrmions.

Conclusions:

  • The study elucidates the fundamental mechanisms governing g-DMI.
  • g-DMI provides a new pathway for engineering topological magnetic textures and enabling field-free spin-orbit torque switching for device applications.