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Adipokines and adipocytokines in men with coronary atherosclerosis and overweight

V S Shramko1, E V Stryukova1, E V Kashtanova1

  • 1Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Affiliation of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics.

Kardiologiia
|December 15, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Elevated levels of lipocalin-2 and interleukin-6 in overweight men with coronary atherosclerosis are linked to increased risk of significant coronary stenosis. These adipokine and cytokine changes may heighten the probability of developing severe coronary artery disease.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Metabolic Research
  • Inflammation Biology

Background:

  • Coronary atherosclerosis is a significant health concern, particularly in overweight individuals.
  • Adipokines and proinflammatory cytokines play crucial roles in metabolic and inflammatory processes.
  • Understanding the interplay between these factors is vital for assessing cardiovascular risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the concentrations of specific adipokines and their correlation with proinflammatory cytokines in overweight men diagnosed with coronary atherosclerosis.
  • To differentiate these markers between stable and unstable atherosclerotic plaques.
  • To assess the association of these biomarkers with the presence of significant coronary stenoses.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 79 overweight men (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m²) with coronary atherosclerosis was studied, divided into stable (n=43) and unstable (n=36) plaque subgroups.
  • A control group of 40 age- and BMI-matched men without ischemic heart disease (IHD) was included.
  • Blood levels of adipokines (adiponectin, adipsin, lipocalin-2, resistin, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, CRP) were measured using multiplex analysis and enzyme immunoassay.

Main Results:

  • Lipocalin-2 levels were significantly higher in patients with coronary atherosclerosis (stable or unstable plaques) compared to controls (p<0.01).
  • Patients exhibited elevated TNF-α (p<0.05), CRP, and IL-6 (p<0.01) compared to the control group.
  • Significant positive correlations were observed between adipokines and TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP (p<0.01).
  • Logistic regression indicated that increased lipocalin-2 (OR=1.005) and IL-6 (OR=1.582) concentrations were associated with a higher likelihood of significant coronary stenoses.

Conclusions:

  • Changes in adipokine concentrations, particularly lipocalin-2, are associated with elevated proinflammatory cytokines in overweight men with coronary atherosclerosis.
  • These combined biomarker alterations may contribute to an increased probability of developing clinically significant coronary stenosis.
  • Further research into these adipokine-cytokine interactions could offer new avenues for risk assessment and therapeutic strategies.

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