Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

3.0K
Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
3.0K
Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy

5.0K
Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
In optical microscopy, the specimen to be viewed is placed on a glass slide and clipped on the stage...
5.0K
Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy01:37

Super-resolution Fluorescence Microscopy

7.1K
Super-resolution fluorescence microscopy (SRFM) provides a better resolution than conventional fluorescence microscopy by reducing the point spread function (PSF). PSF is the light intensity distribution from a point that causes it to appear blurred. Due to PSF, each fluorescing point appears bigger than its actual size, and it is the PSF interference of nearby fluorophores that causes the blurred image. Various approaches to achieving higher resolution through SRFM have recently been...
7.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pulsed Electric Fields Reshape the Malting Barley Metabolome: Insights from UHPLC-HRMS/MS.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Aroma Potential of a New Maltose-Negative Yeast Isolate.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Pro-inflammatory effects of road wear particles and diesel exhaust particles in bronchial epithelial cells and macrophages.

Environmental research·2025
Same author

Tyre wear particles and metals in highway roadside ditches: Occurrence and potential transport pathways.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)·2025
Same author

Application of Pulsed Electric Field During Malting: Impact on <i>Fusarium</i> Species Growth and Mycotoxin Production.

Toxins·2024
Same author

Comprehensive approach to national tire wear emissions: Challenges and implications.

The Science of the total environment·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing
06:16

Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing

Published on: April 25, 2019

7.6K

Upper bounds on focusing efficiency.

Kurt Schab, Lukas Jelinek, Miloslav Capek

    Optics Express
    |December 16, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study establishes theoretical limits for lens focusing efficiency. It reveals that exit plane fields alone can lead to unbounded efficiency, unlike optimized designs, especially for near-field applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Electromagnetism and Optics
    • Computational Physics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Understanding the fundamental limits of optical focusing is crucial for designing advanced optical systems.
    • Previous work often relied on simplified models or specific design paradigms, lacking comprehensive theoretical bounds.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To formulate rigorous upper bounds on the focusing efficiency of optical systems, including lenses and aperture fields.
    • To compare these theoretical bounds with existing lens design strategies and inverse design methods.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized integral equation representations of Maxwell's equations and Lagrangian duality to derive focusing efficiency bounds.
    • Considered two efficiency metrics: lens exit plane fields and optimal polarization currents within defined material and shape constraints.

    More Related Videos

    Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention
    09:48

    Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

    Published on: September 11, 2017

    10.0K
    Evaluating Targeting Accuracy in the Focal Plane for an Ultrasound-guided High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Phased-array System
    08:08

    Evaluating Targeting Accuracy in the Focal Plane for an Ultrasound-guided High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Phased-array System

    Published on: March 6, 2019

    5.3K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Aug 17, 2025

    Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing
    06:16

    Femtosecond Laser Filaments for Use in Sub-Diffraction-Limited Imaging and Remote Sensing

    Published on: April 25, 2019

    7.6K
    Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention
    09:48

    Intracortical Inhibition Within the Primary Motor Cortex Can Be Modulated by Changing the Focus of Attention

    Published on: September 11, 2017

    10.0K
    Evaluating Targeting Accuracy in the Focal Plane for an Ultrasound-guided High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Phased-array System
    08:08

    Evaluating Targeting Accuracy in the Focal Plane for an Ultrasound-guided High-intensity Focused Ultrasound Phased-array System

    Published on: March 6, 2019

    5.3K
  • Analyzed extruded 2D dielectric geometries with out-of-plane electric fields for bound calculations and inverse design.

    • Main Results:

    • Focusing efficiency based solely on lens exit plane fields is unbounded without regularization, analogous to antenna directivity.
    • Time-reversal-based aperture fields do not guarantee optimal lens focusing efficiency.
    • Near-field (high numerical aperture) focusing is particularly sensitive to the limitations of time-reversal approaches.

    Conclusions:

    • Theoretical bounds provide a critical benchmark for evaluating and advancing optical lens design.
    • Optimized polarization currents offer a more robust approach to achieving high focusing efficiency than simple exit plane field considerations.
    • The findings highlight the importance of considering the entire lens volume and material properties for efficient near-field focusing.