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Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
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Silicon optical phased array with calibration-free phase shifters.

Wenlei Li, Jingye Chen, Dong Liang

    Optics Express
    |December 16, 2022
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a novel silicon photonics optical phased array (OPA) that eliminates the need for phase calibration. This breakthrough enables efficient solid-state beam steering without complex post-processing, paving the way for advanced optical systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Engineering
    • Solid-State Devices
    • Integrated Optics

    Background:

    • Silicon photonics offers a promising platform for optical phased arrays (OPAs) essential for solid-state beam steering.
    • Conventional silicon OPAs face challenges with random phase errors due to high refractive index contrast, necessitating complex calibration procedures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a calibration-free silicon optical phased array (OPA).
    • To overcome the limitations of random phase errors in conventional silicon-based OPAs.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized optimized optical waveguide widths and compact 90° waveguide bends operating beyond the single-mode regime.
    • Implemented grouped cascaded phase shifters to reduce control electrodes from N to log₂(N).

    Main Results:

    • Successfully demonstrated a 16-channel silicon OPA.
    • Achieved continuous beam steering across the field of view.
    • Required only four control voltages, eliminating the need for any calibration.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed calibration-free silicon OPA effectively addresses phase error issues.
    • The proposed design significantly simplifies control requirements for solid-state beam steering applications.
    • This advancement holds potential for more practical and cost-effective optical systems.