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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

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Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
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Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

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Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
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Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
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Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy.

Tsering Dolkar1, Nway Nway1, Abubaker M Hamad2

  • 1Internal Medicine, One Brooklyn Health Interfaith Medical Center, New York City, USA.

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|December 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heart condition where heart muscle is replaced by fibrofatty tissue, leading to arrhythmias. This case highlights diagnostic criteria using EKG and MRI for definitive ARVC diagnosis.

Keywords:
arrhythmogeniccardiomyopathyecho cardiogrammyocardial fibro fatty tissueright ventricle

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heritable heart muscle disease.
  • It is characterized by fibrofatty replacement of the right ventricular myocardium.
  • ARVC presents with ventricular arrhythmias and can lead to sudden cardiac death.

Observation:

  • A young male patient presented with symptoms suggestive of ARVC.
  • Electrocardiogram (EKG) revealed early transition inverted T waves in leads V1-V4.
  • Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) demonstrated right ventricle (RV) dyskinesia and reduced RV ejection fraction (EF) < 40%.

Findings:

  • The patient met two major diagnostic criteria for ARVC.
  • EKG findings satisfied major criteria for ARVC diagnosis.
  • MRI findings also satisfied major criteria for ARVC diagnosis, confirming the condition.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of combined EKG and MRI in diagnosing ARVC.
  • Accurate diagnosis is crucial for risk stratification and management of patients with ARVC.
  • Early identification and management can potentially prevent adverse cardiac events in individuals with ARVC.