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The primary microtubule organizing center (MTOC) in animal cells is the centrosome. A centrosome has two cylindrical centrioles at its core. Each centriole consists of nine sets of three microtubules held together by proteins. The centrioles are positioned at right angles to each other and surrounded by a shapeless protein cloud called the pericentriolar matrix, or pericentriolar material (PCM).
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations

Published on: September 20, 2019

Centrosome Dysfunctions in Cancer.

Heide Schatten¹

¹Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, USA. SchattenH@missouri.edu.

Advances in Anatomy, Embryology, and Cell Biology

|December 16, 2022

Summary

Theodor Boveri

Area of Science:

Cell Biology
Developmental Biology
Cancer Research

Background:

Theodor Boveri's foundational work in centrosome research utilized sea urchin gametes.
His studies focused on fertilization, cell division, and early embryo development.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore Boveri's conceptual link between abnormal cell division and cancer.
To highlight the significance of centrosome function in developmental processes.

Main Methods:

Observation of sea urchin egg fertilization and early development.
Analysis of cell division patterns, specifically mitosis.

Main Results:

Boveri observed that sea urchin eggs fertilized by two sperm exhibited tripolar mitosis.

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Cell Death Associated with Abnormal Mitosis Observed by Confocal Imaging in Live Cancer Cells

Cell Death Associated with Abnormal Mitosis Observed by Confocal Imaging in Live Cancer Cells

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Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes

Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes

Published on: December 20, 2014

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Last Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations

Live Cell Imaging to Assess the Dynamics of Metaphase Timing and Cell Fate Following Mitotic Spindle Perturbations

Published on: September 20, 2019

Cell Death Associated with Abnormal Mitosis Observed by Confocal Imaging in Live Cancer Cells

Cell Death Associated with Abnormal Mitosis Observed by Confocal Imaging in Live Cancer Cells

Published on: August 21, 2013

Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes

Quantitative Immunofluorescence Assay to Measure the Variation in Protein Levels at Centrosomes

Published on: December 20, 2014

This abnormal cell division pattern was noted to resemble that of cancer cells.

Conclusions:

Boveri proposed a connection between centrosome abnormalities and cancer formation.
Early observations in sea urchin development provided insights into the origins of cancer cell characteristics.