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Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of PhosphorusI
Published on: November 22, 2016
Reactivity of Fe(III)-containing pyrophosphate salts with phenolics: complexation, oxidation, and surface interaction
Judith Bijlsma1, Neshat Moslehi2, Krassimir P Velikov3
1Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Abstract:
Mixed pyrophosphate salts with the general formula Ca2(1-x)Fe4x(P2O7)(1+2x) potentially possess less iron-phenolic reactivity compared to ferric pyrophosphate (FePP), due to decreased soluble Fe in the food-relevant pH range 3-7. We investigated reactivity (i.e., complexation, oxidation, and surface interaction) of FePP and mixed salts (with x = 0.14, 0.15, 0.18, and 0.35) in presence of structurally diverse phenolics. At pH 5-7, increased soluble iron from all salts was observed in presence of water-soluble phenolics. XPS confirmed that water-soluble phenolics solubilize iron after coordination at the salt surface, resulting in increased discoloration. However, color changes for mixed salts with x ≤ 0.18 remained acceptable for slightly water-soluble and insoluble phenolics. Furthermore, phenolic oxidation in presence of mixed salts was significantly reduced compared to FePP at pH 6. In conclusion, these mixed Ca-Fe(III) pyrophosphate salts with x ≤ 0.18 can potentially be used in designing iron-fortified foods containing slightly water-soluble and/or insoluble phenolics.
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