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Movement pattern and upper extremity muscle activation during fast and slow continuous steering movement.
Hsin-Min Lee1, Chia-Yen Yang2, Wen-Ni Wennie Huang1
1Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Human Movement Science
|December 16, 2022
Summary
Continuous steering movement (CSM) involves upper extremity (UE) muscles, with speed and direction impacting performance. Understanding these muscle activations is key for UE rehabilitation programs.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Neuroscience
- Rehabilitation Engineering
Background:
- Continuous steering movement (CSM) is a critical upper extremity (UE) task in driving.
- CSM presents potential for multi-joint UE rehabilitation programs for individuals with disabilities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate upper extremity muscle activation during CSM.
- To investigate the effects of rotating speed and direction on CSM kinematic and kinetic performance.
Main Methods:
- Surface electromyography (EMG), hand contact, and steering torque were measured.
- Constant-velocity CSM was performed at fast (180°/s) and slow (60°/s) speeds.
- Data were collected from 24 healthy young adults during clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) steering.
Main Results:
- Faster CSM in outward directions showed shorter contact duration but higher force exertion.
- Triceps brachii, pectoralis major (sternal part), and posterior deltoid were key for CW torque.
- Pectoralis major (clavicular part), anterior deltoid, and pectoralis major (sternal part) were key for CCW torque.
- Anterior deltoid, pectoralis major (clavicular part), and pectoralis major (sternal part) were crucial during the swing phase for repositioning.
Conclusions:
- Muscle activation patterns during CSM vary with speed and direction.
- Specific shoulder and elbow muscles play distinct roles in generating steering torque and facilitating movement.
- Findings offer insights for optimizing clinical training and rehabilitation strategies for UE impairments.
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