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Increased Risk for Acute Periapical Abscesses in Multiple Sclerosis Patients and the Possible Association with

Ilan Rotstein1, Joseph Katz2

  • 1University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

Journal of Endodontics
|December 16, 2022
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have a higher prevalence of acute periapical abscesses (PAs). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection may also increase the risk of PAs in MS patients.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Oral Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a significant neuroinflammatory and degenerative condition impacting over 2 million people globally.
  • Acute periapical abscesses (PAs) are a common dental infection with potential systemic implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of acute PAs in individuals diagnosed with MS.
  • To investigate the association between prior Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and the occurrence of acute PAs in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized integrated hospital patient data, extracting International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes for MS and acute PAs.
  • Conducted a cross-sectional analysis to calculate odds ratios (OR) and assess statistical significance.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of MS in the hospital population was 0.18%.
  • Patients with MS had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR=2.2) for acute PAs, which persisted after adjusting for diabetes and cardiovascular disease comorbidities.
  • A history of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection was associated with a substantially increased odds ratio (OR=3.98) for acute PAs, a statistically significant finding.

Conclusions:

  • This study suggests a higher prevalence of acute PAs in patients with multiple sclerosis.
  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection appears to be a potential contributing factor to the increased risk of acute PAs in MS patients.
Keywords:
Apical diseaseEpstein-Barr virusmultiple sclerosisperiapical abscess

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