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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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IntroductionNephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder marked by excessive protein loss in the urine, leading to various systemic complications. This condition often results from damage to the glomeruli—the kidney's filtering units—causing proteinuria, low blood protein levels, and fluid retention. Understanding the assessment, diagnosis, and management of nephrotic syndrome is essential for effective treatment and prevention of further kidney damage.AssessmentPatient History: Document...
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The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
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[Sjögren syndrome].

Pilar Brito-Zerón1, Soledad Retamozo2, Manuel Ramos-Casals3

  • 1Research and Innovation Group in Autoimmune Diseases, Sanitas Digital Hospital, Hospital-CIMA-Centre Mèdic Milenium Balmes Sanitas, Barcelona, España; Línea de investigación de Sjögren del Grupo de Enfermedades Autoinmunes Sistémicas (GEAS), Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna (SEMI), España.

Medicina Clinica
|December 17, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) is now recognized as a frequent systemic autoimmune disease (SAD) beyond mere dryness. Advances in research enable personalized follow-up and early interventions to prevent severe outcomes.

Keywords:
CrioglobulinemiaCryoglobulinemiaDrynessEnfermedad sistémicaLinfomaLymphomaRituximabSequedadSjögren syndromeSystemic diseaseSíndrome de Sjögren

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Sjögren's syndrome (SjS) was initially proposed in 1933 as a systemic disease linked to abnormal immune responses.
  • Historically underestimated, SjS received limited research focus compared to other systemic autoimmune diseases (SADs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-evaluate the prevalence and systemic nature of Sjögren's syndrome.
  • To highlight recent advancements in understanding SjS pathogenesis and diagnosis.
  • To emphasize the need for personalized therapeutic strategies in managing SjS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical data and recent technological advancements.
  • Analysis of international research projects and epidemiological studies.
  • Focus on diagnostic accuracy and identification of prognostic factors.

Main Results:

  • Significant progress in understanding SjS epidemiology and pathogenic mechanisms over the last 20 years.
  • Increased diagnostic accuracy and development of targeted therapies.
  • Recognition of SjS as a frequent SAD with a systemic phenotype extending beyond dryness.

Conclusions:

  • Sjögren's syndrome is a common systemic autoimmune disease with significant systemic manifestations.
  • Identification of prognostic factors is crucial for personalized patient follow-up.
  • Early, individualized therapeutic interventions can prevent severe, irreversible outcomes in SjS patients.