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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Evaluation of Biomarkers in Glioma by Immunohistochemistry on Paraffin-Embedded 3D Glioma Neurosphere Cultures
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Grading of gliomas using 3D CEST imaging with compressed sensing and sensitivity encoding.

Tatsuhiro Wada1, Osamu Togao2, Chiaki Tokunaga3

  • 1Division of Radiology, Department of Medical Technology, Kyushu University Hospital, Japan; Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan.

European Journal of Radiology
|December 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Three-dimensional (3D) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging effectively differentiates high-grade gliomas from low-grade gliomas. This advanced MRI technique shows diagnostic performance comparable to traditional 2D CEST imaging.

Keywords:
Chemical exchange saturation transferCompressed sensing and sensitivity encodingGliomaMulti-slice chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Neuro-oncology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Gliomas are primary brain tumors with varying grades of malignancy.
  • Differentiating low-grade gliomas (LGGs) from high-grade gliomas (HGGs) is crucial for treatment planning and prognosis.
  • Accurate grading often relies on histopathological markers like Ki-67 labeling index (LI), which can be invasive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of 3D chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging, enhanced with compressed sensing and sensitivity encoding (CS-SENSE), for distinguishing LGGs from HGGs.
  • To compare the diagnostic performance of 3D CEST imaging with conventional 2D CEST imaging.
  • To assess the correlation between imaging metrics and the Ki-67 LI.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 28 patients (12 LGG, 16 HGG) underwent 3 Tesla (3T) MRI, including 3D and 2D CEST sequences.
  • Regions of interest were drawn on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images.
  • Magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTRasym) at 3.5 ppm was calculated for 2D CEST, all 3D slices (3Dall), and maximum intensity 3D slices (3Dmax).
  • Correlation with Ki-67 LI and diagnostic performance via ROC analysis were performed.

Main Results:

  • A moderate positive correlation was found between MTRasym at 3.5 ppm and Ki-67 LI across all imaging methods.
  • Both LGGs and HGGs showed significantly different MTRasym at 3.5 ppm values, with HGGs exhibiting higher values.
  • All evaluated CEST methods demonstrated equivalent diagnostic performance in differentiating tumor grades.
  • Slice position influenced signal intensity in 3D CEST imaging.

Conclusions:

  • Three-dimensional (3D) chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging provides slice-specific MTRasym at 3.5 ppm values.
  • The diagnostic performance of 3D CEST imaging is comparable to that of 2D CEST imaging for differentiating LGGs and HGGs.
  • 3D CEST imaging offers a non-invasive method to assess tumor characteristics potentially correlating with proliferation.