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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Updated: Aug 17, 2025

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
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Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

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Olfactory Training Impacts Olfactory Dysfunction Induced by COVID-19: A Pilot Study.

Simon Bérubé1, Claudia Demers1,2, Nicholas Bussière1,3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada.

ORL; Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Its Related Specialties
|December 18, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Olfactory training (OT) improved self-reported smell function and reduced parosmia in COVID-19 survivors. Objective smell tests showed no significant change after 12 weeks of olfactory training.

Keywords:
COVID-19OlfactionOlfactory disordersOlfactory testQuality of lifeUPSIT

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction is a common and persistent symptom of COVID-19.
  • Olfactory training (OT) is a promising intervention for post-viral smell loss.
  • Evidence for OT's efficacy in post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of olfactory training (OT) compared to a placebo in treating post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction.
  • To assess changes in objective and subjective olfactory function and parosmia frequency.

Main Methods:

  • A double-blind, randomized pilot study involving 50 participants (25 per group).
  • Intervention group received 12 weeks of OT (4 scents, 5 min twice daily).
  • Olfactory function assessed using UPSIT-40, visual analog scale, and parosmia assessment.

Main Results:

  • No significant improvement in objective olfactory test scores (UPSIT-40) with OT.
  • Significant improvement in subjective olfactory function reported in the OT group compared to placebo.
  • Lower frequency of parosmia observed in the OT group.

Conclusions:

  • Olfactory training (OT) may improve subjective smell perception in post-COVID-19 patients.
  • OT appears to positively impact parosmia, a common distortion of smell.
  • Larger studies are needed to confirm OT's efficacy for post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction.